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Relatively large in humans, this “little brain” controls balance and coordination by producing smooth, coordinated movements of muscle groups. In mammals the midbrain is greatly reduced, serving primarily as a connecting link between the hindbrain and the forebrain.Ĭonnected to the medulla, pons, and midbrain by large bundles of fibres is the cerebellum. It also is involved with integration in reptiles and birds. The midbrain, the upper portion of which evolved from the optic lobes, is the main centre of sensory integration in fish and amphibians. The pons is partly made up of tracts connecting the spinal cord with higher brain levels, and it also contains cell groups that transfer information from the cerebrum to the cerebellum. The medulla transmits signals between the spinal cord and the higher parts of the brain it also controls such autonomic functions as heartbeat and respiration. The hindbrain is composed of the medulla oblongata and the pons. Human brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) © Hemera/Thinkstock

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#Read and highlight online articles thebrain how to#

COVID-19 Portal While this global health crisis continues to evolve, it can be useful to look to past pandemics to better understand how to respond today.Student Portal Britannica is the ultimate student resource for key school subjects like history, government, literature, and more.From tech to household and wellness products. Britannica Explains In these videos, Britannica explains a variety of topics and answers frequently asked questions.

This Time in History In these videos, find out what happened this month (or any month!) in history.#WTFact Videos In #WTFact Britannica shares some of the most bizarre facts we can find.Demystified Videos In Demystified, Britannica has all the answers to your burning questions.Britannica Classics Check out these retro videos from Encyclopedia Britannica’s archives.This mini-review focuses on the effects of ethanolamine on the CNS and highlights the possible implications of these effects for drug design.ĬNS Ethanolamine brain neuromodulator phospholipids prodrug synaptic. Ethanolamine and its associated products have various positive functions ranging from cell signaling to molecular storage, and alterations in their levels have been linked to neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease. This improvement in the ability to target drugs to the brain may also mean that in the process, ethanolamine concentrations in the brain are increased enough for ethanolamine to exert its own neurological actions. In the brain, ethanolamine and ethanolamine-related molecules have emerged as prodrug moieties that can promote drug movement across the blood-brain barrier. Ethanolamine is a bioactive molecule found in several cells, including those in the central nervous system (CNS).